From birth to age 2, children depend on parents and caregivers for their safety. Safety issues change and increase rapidly in number as newborns grow into toddlers. It is important to consider your child's physical and mental development when evaluating current and future hazards.

Although close supervision is important, it is not realistic to think that you can watch your child's every move. In addition, constantly hovering over your child can limit his or her experiences and confidence. Balancing supervision with safety precautions will help prevent accidents and injuries, as well as allow your child to explore and discover.

Taking the time to research and adopt safe habits can help to prevent common accidents and injuries that can occur around the house.

Use safe baby products

In the United States, safety standards for children's equipment, furniture, clothing, and other items are set by the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Although most new items you purchase will likely meet these standards, older and used items may not. Equipment that has been used before, such as a baby carrier, may not be safe. These items may have wear and tear that affects how they function. The CPSC may also have recalled some items because of reported hazards.

Check that all the products your baby uses meet current standards. The following list provides safety information for items frequently used by children up to age 2:

• Cribs should meet all current safety standards, such as having less than 2.4in. of space between slats. Lower the mattress and remove mobiles, large stuffed toys, and bumpers from the crib as your baby grows.
• Baby walkers should not be used, according to recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). If you decide to allow your child to use a walker, the AAP recommends using only those labeled "ASTM F977-96," which ensures that they meet international safety standards.¹
• Playpens should have spaces in the mesh material that do not exceed 0.25in. across; wooden slats should measure less than 2.4in. apart.¹ Be careful about the toys you put in the playpen. As your children grow, they can get tangled in mobiles or may use larger toys as steps to boost them out of the enclosure.
• High chairs should have a wide, stable base. Do not use booster seats that attach to the table. Always take time to make sure the high chair is locked in the upright position before use. Use the safety straps, and supervise your child at all times while he or she is in the high chair.
• Changing tables should have a railing on all sides that is 2in. high. A slightly indented changing surface is also recommended. Always use the safety strap and keep one hand on your child. Have diapers and other items handy, but keep them out of your child's reach.